More and more of us are reaching for low or no-alcohol beers. As the market grows, the options are also expanding – but brewing beer without alcohol fermentation presents a tricky puzzle. In traditional beer brewing the conversion of sugars into ethanol and carbon dioxide through yeast fermentation is a key part of the process. How can you get the same flavour into beer without it? A team at Victoria University of Wellington, including the head of research and development at Garage Project, have begun an interdisciplinary research project to address this. They’re hoping to develop a brand-new yeast strain, one that will recreate delicious beer flavours, but without the alcohol.Sign up to the Our Changing World monthly newsletter for episode backstories, science analysis and more.…Go to this episode on rnz.co.nz for more details
--------
26:17
--------
26:17
Turning Taupō green
Project Tongariro was established as a living memorial for five people who died in a tragic helicopter accident. Last November, the project turned 40 years old. Over those four decades, activities have expanded beyond Tongariro National Park and into the wider area, including urban restoration through tree planting and predator trapping. Claire Concannon visits the Taupō-based projects that Project Tongariro is supporting as they prepare for Greening Taupō Day – their biggest planting day of the year.Sign up to the Our Changing World monthly newsletter for episode backstories, science analysis and more.Guests:Kiri Te Wano, CEO Project TongariroRobyn Ellis, Greening Taupō and Predator Free TaupōRachel Thompson, Kids Greening TaupōHeidi Pritchard, Kids Greening TaupōCelia Bocket, Wicked WeedersZara, Jack, Taylor and Emily, students of Taupō Intermediate SchoolLearn more:Project Tongariro are also involved in a number of restoration projects near Tūrangi, including removing willows from a wetland area.In Kirikiriroa Hamilton, a team are also focused on urban greening as part of the People, Nature and Cities project.Just outside Dunedin, the Halo Project has been working to provide a safe space for birds around the Orokonui fenced ecosanctuary, as the Country Life team learned last year.Go to this episode on rnz.co.nz for more details
--------
25:37
--------
25:37
The willows and the wetland
The battle on the frontlines of conservation continues around the motu. This week we head to the central North Island to join some of the staff and volunteers of Project Tongariro. Ecologist Nick Singers is coordinating the fight against the invasive grey willow that’s taking over a wetland area, while Shirley Potter is applying a ‘let’s get it done’ attitude to reforesting a patch of public conservation land near her home in Tauranga-Taupō. Sign up to the Our Changing World monthly newsletter for episode backstories, science analysis and more.Guests:Kiri Te Wano, CEO of Project TongariroShirley PotterNick SingersLearn more:Willow is an issue in many wetland areas where it binds up waterways and transforms the land. Just outside Dunedin, a team are using drone spraying to combat it near the Te Nohoaka o Tukiauau wetland complex.In the Rotopiko wetland complex, near Hamilton, the pest battle is a bit unusual: conservationists are concerned about the half a million sparrows and starlings that roost at night.The fight for the forest also continues on multiple pest fronts in the Catlins area in Otago.Go to this episode on rnz.co.nz for more details
--------
26:05
--------
26:05
The dance of the lanternfish
During World War II, sonar operators discovered a ‘false seabed’ that appeared to move upwards during the nighttime. In fact, the sound waves were bouncing off huge numbers of small critters. This daily movement is the largest animal migration on the planet, consisting of deep-water animals that hide in the ocean’s twilight then move to the surface after sunset to feed. By far the most abundant fish in this crowd are the lanternfishes. New Zealand researchers are investigating what impact lanternfish migration has on the life cycle of fish we like to eat, and how it may also play a huge role in the Earth’s carbon cycle. Sign up to the Our Changing World monthly newsletter for episode backstories, science analysis and more.Guests:Professor Jeff Shima, Victoria University of WellingtonAlisha Gill, Victoria University of WellingtonNiamh Smith, Victoria University of WellingtonLearn more:Read the article for this episode: Lanternfish: small fish, big impactBelow the twilight zone, in the deepest parts of the worlds’ oceans, including in New Zealand waters, scientists continue to discover new critters.The deep ocean makes up the majority of the living space on our planet, where life down there has evolved to cope with the pressure, cold and darkness.The Southern Ocean absorbs a huge amount of carbon, but scientists are concerned that may change as the planet warms.Go to this episode on rnz.co.nz for more details
--------
25:40
--------
25:40
A New Zealand approach to nuclear fusion
For a long time, nuclear fusion was viewed as a powerful, but unachievable, energy source, because the technological challenges were just too great. But recent advances, particularly in the development of powerful magnets, have reignited the race to create the world’s first efficient nuclear fusion powerplant. Claire Concannon visits one private company just outside Wellington who have joined the nuclear fusion effort, with a unique approach they believe might be the key. Sign up to the Our Changing World monthly newsletter for episode backstories, science analysis and more.Guests:Dr Ratu Mataira, Founder and CEO of OpenStar TechnologiesEmily Hunter, Lead Engineer Cryogenics and Docking, OpenStarThomas Berry, Deputy Direct of Plasma Science, OpenStarLearn more:Read the article that accompanies this episode: Could a Kiwi company crack nuclear fusion?Kim Hill had a lengthy and fascinating interview with Dr Ratu Mataira in 2023 on RNZ’s Saturday Morning show. He also spoke with Alexa Cook on Morning Report in 2024 after OpenStar achieved ‘first plasma’. In 2023 Our Changing World played an episode of the ABC’s Strange Frontiers that went inside the nuclear fusion reactor ITER.Learn more about the simplest element, Hydrogen, from RNZ’s 2019 Elemental podcast.The Royal Society of New Zealand has a series of videos on Ernest Rutherford’s scientific discoveries including radioactive decay and half-life, and splitting the atom. Go to this episode on rnz.co.nz for more details
Dr Claire Concannon follows scientists into the bush, over rivers, back to their labs and many places in-between to cover the most fascinating research being done in Aotearoa New Zealand.
New Zealand