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—— 以上為 Firstory Podcast 廣告 ——
Hi there! 歡迎收聽 Look Back Sunday 回顧星期天，在這個節目 John 老師會彙整過去不同國家與主題的熱門跟讀文章，讓你可以在十五分鐘內吸收最精華的世界時事趣聞！我們這週聽聽印度相關的文章，Let's get started!
Topic 1: Indian Bride Shuts Down Wedding After Groom Fails Her Math Test
An Indian bride canceled her wedding after her groom recited the multiplication table of two incorrectly. 一位印度新娘因為新郎背錯 2 的乘法表，當場取消婚禮。
A bride and groom who wish to remain unidentified were supposed to have the wedding for their arranged marriage on May 1 in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India. 不願透露姓名的新娘和新郎本應於 5 月 1 日在印度北方邦舉行婚禮，這是一樁包辦婚姻。
Skeptical of her future husband's educational background, the bride decided to test his knowledge during the ceremony. 新娘懷疑未來丈夫的教育背景，因此決定在婚禮上測試他的知識。
When he failed to recite the multiplication table of two, the bride left, "saying that she could not marry someone who did not know basic math," reported INQUIRER.net. 據「菲律賓每日問訊者報」網站報導，當他背不出 2 的乘法表時，新娘轉身離開了，「說她不能嫁給一個連基礎數學都不懂的人。」
The bride's cousin stated that the groom's family did not inform them of his lack of education, adding that the bride was "brave" for leaving the wedding venue. 新娘的表妹說，男方家庭沒有告知新郎教育程度低的事實，並補充道，新娘離開婚禮現場的做法「很勇敢」。
The two families came to a compromise which included returning all gifts and jewelry to the appropriate parties. 這兩個家庭達成妥協，包括同意退還所有的禮物和珠寶給對方。
Topic 2: India's 'Angry Brides' game wages war on dowry｜印度「憤怒新娘」遊戲向嫁妝陋習宣戰
An online game in India called "Angry Brides" which seeks to highlight the problem of illegal dowry demands has attracted more than 270,000 fans. 印度一款名為「憤怒新娘」的線上遊戲，旨在凸顯非法索取嫁妝帶來的問題，吸引了逾 27 萬名粉絲。
The game by online matchmaker shaadi.com — inspired by the hugely popular "Angry Birds" game — sees players attack prospective grooms greedy for dowry with a variety of weapons, from a brick-red stiletto to a broomstick. 這款遊戲由婚友網站「Shaadi.com」推出，靈感來自廣受歡迎的「憤怒鳥」遊戲，玩家可使用從磚紅色細高跟鞋到帚柄等各式武器來攻擊貪求嫁妝的準新郎。
The three grooms — an engineer, a doctor and a pilot — dodge the attacks while demanding dowries starting at 1.5 million rupees. Each time a player hits a groom, he or she wins money towards a virtual anti-dowry fund. 遊戲中的 3 位新郎分別是工程師、醫生和飛行員。他們一邊索求 150 萬盧比起跳的嫁妝，一邊躲避著玩家的進攻。玩家每擊中新郎一次，他或她就會贏得一筆虛擬的反嫁妝資金。
The game, available as a free application on Facebook, has already attracted more than 272,000 "likes." 這款遊戲在臉書上是一款免費應用程式，已吸引了超過 27 萬 2000 人按「讚」。
Paying and accepting a dowry in India has been illegal since 1961, but the centuries-old tradition of the bride's parents presenting gifts of cash, clothes, jewellery, even appliances to the groom's family remains strong. 從 1961 年至今，收送嫁妝在印度都是違法的，但是新娘的父母向新郎家庭贈送現金、衣服、珠寶甚至器具等禮物的傳統已有幾世紀之久，至今依然盛行。
Demands for dowry often persist well past the wedding ceremonies, and in the worst cases, brides are tortured and even murdered if they or their parents do not comply. 索取嫁妝的情況就算在婚禮後也揮之不去，在最壞的情況下，如果新娘或她們的父母不給嫁妝，新娘就會受到折磨甚至被謀殺。
Topic 3: Toxic air in India linked to large number of miscarriages
Toxic air in India and other South Asian countries could be causing large numbers of miscarriages and stillbirths, scientists said. 科學家說，印度和其他南亞國家的有毒性空氣，可能正造成大量的流產和死胎案例。
A study in The Lancet medical journal estimated nearly 350,000 pregnancy losses a year in South Asia were linked to high pollution levels. 「刺胳針」醫學期刊一份研究估計，南亞 1 年有將近 35 萬起流產案例與高污染值有關聯。
"Our findings ... (provide) further justification for urgent action to tackle dangerous levels of pollution," lead author Tao Xue of Peking University said in a statement. 報告第一作者北京大學的薛濤在聲明中說，「我們的發現…提供進一步理由，要緊急行動解決達危險程度的污染」。
They calculated that 7.1% of annual pregnancy losses were attributable to pollution above India's air quality standard of 40 microgrammes per cubic metre (μg/m3), and 29.7% to pollution above the World Health Organization guideline of 10 μg/m3. 他們計算，每年 7.1% 的流產案例，歸因於高於印度空氣品質標準每立方公尺 40 微克（μg/m3）的污染，29.7% 的案例歸因於高於世界衛生組織指南訂出 10 μg/m3 標準的污染。
Topic 4: Indian inventor revs up corona car to drive home lockdown message｜印度發明家設計冠狀病毒車宣導疫情訊息
A giant coronavirus is stalking the streets of southern India — propelled by a 100 cc engine and an inventor trying to drive home the message that Indians should stay indoors as the pandemic sweeps across the world. 一個巨大的冠狀病毒在印度南部街頭出沒—被一具排氣量 100 立方公分的引擎和一名發明家驅動著，試圖明確傳達在大流行病橫掃全球的此刻，印度人應該好好待在家裡的訊息。
Sudhakar Yadav's wacky small single-seater car — made of fluorescent-green fibre and complete with the red crown-like spikes of the virus — has been racking up the miles in the tech hub of Hyderabad to remind fellow citizens of the dangers of COVID-19. 雅達夫的古怪單人座小車，是以螢光綠色纖維製成，並加上紅色的病毒冠狀突刺造型，在科技大城海德拉巴行駛了一段時間，提醒市民同胞 2019 冠狀病毒肺炎的危險。
"People are not scared and are still... on the streets despite the clear danger," the 67-year-old Yadav, who runs a printing business, told AFP. 「儘管明顯有危險，大家還是不害怕，依舊…在街上趴趴走」，經營印刷生意的 67 歲雅達夫告訴法新社。
"My message through the car art is to make them understand that it is dangerous to be out on the streets and the safest place right now is the home." 「我透過這輛車要傳達的訊息是，希望這些人能夠了解，外出上街是危險的，現在最安全的地方就是家裡」。
Topic 5: 'Honk more, wait more': Mumbai tests traffic lights that reward the patient driver
There is a truth universally acknowledged by drivers in India: honk your horn loud enough and the traffic lights will surely change to green. 印度駕駛人都曉得一個道理：只要喇叭按得夠響，交通號誌絕對會變綠燈。
But, fed up with impatient drivers inflicting a deafening roar every time they are forced to stop, police in Mumbai have come up with a new system to punish those who cannot wait at traffic lights in silence. 然而，孟買警方受夠駕駛人每次被迫停車，就會出現震耳欲聾的喇叭聲，因而設計出一套新系統，來懲罰不能安靜等待號誌轉換的駕駛人。
The new system was quite simple: "Honk more, wait more." 新系統相當簡單易懂：「你愈叭，等愈久。」
Mumbai police installed a rigged traffic light system to tackle the problem of "reckless honkers", which resets the red traffic signal every time the sound of car horns goes above 85 decibels. For particularly honk-happy drivers, it could mean a very long wait at the lights. 孟買警方安裝一套經過改造的交通號誌系統，來處理「莽撞喇叭狂」問題；只要偵測到 85 分貝以上的汽車喇叭聲，紅燈就會從頭開始。對於不按不爽的駕駛人，可能得在交通號誌下等到天荒地老。
Mumbai was ranked as the fourth most congested city in the world, according to the TomTom traffic index, with 65% congestion and drivers spending an average of eight days and 17 hours in traffic each year. TomTom 交通指數報告顯示，孟買被列為全球最壅塞城市第 4 名，壅塞比率達 65％，駕駛人平均每年花費 8 天 17 小時塞在路上。
Topic 6: India returns alleged bird spy to Pakistan｜印度把被指控的鳥間諜交還巴基斯坦
Indian police have released a pigeon belonging to a Pakistani fisherman after a probe found that the bird, which had flown across the contentious border between the nuclear-armed nations, was not a spy, two officials said on Friday. 兩名官員週五說，印度警方把一隻屬於巴基斯坦一名漁夫的鴿子放了，在調查發現這隻飛越兩個核武國爭議邊境的鳥並非間諜以後。
The Pakistani owner of the pigeon had urged India to return his bird, which Indian villagers turned over to police after discovering it. 這隻鴿子的巴基斯坦主人催促印度歸還他的鳥，印度村民先前發現了牠以後交給了警方。
"It's just an innocent bird," Habibullah, the owner of the bird, who goes by just one name, told Reuters on Friday. 單名的鴿主哈比布拉週五告訴路透，「牠只是一隻無辜的鳥。」
He rejected allegations that the numbers inscribed on a ring on the pigeon's leg were codes meant for militant groups operating in the disputed region of Kashmir. 對於鴿子腳環上所刻數字乃是在爭議的喀什米爾地區行動的好戰團體代號的指控，他予以駁斥。
Habibullah, who lives in a village near the Kashmir border, one of the most militarised zones in the world, said the bird had participated in a pigeon racing contest and the digits on the bird's leg were his mobile phone number. 住在全球最軍事化地區之一的喀什米爾邊境附近一處村莊的哈比布拉說，這隻鳥參加了一場賽鴿大賽，牠腳上的數字是他的行動電話號碼。
In 2016, a pigeon was taken into Indian custody after it was found with a note threatening Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi. 2016 年曾有一隻鴿子被印度扣押，在發現牠有一張威脅印度總理納倫德拉．莫迪的便條以後。
Topic 7: Violence in India Threatens Its Global Ambitions
Until recently, Prime Minister Narendra Modi's campaign to portray India as a rising power seemed to be ticking along despite troubles at home. 即便在國內遭遇了些問題，總理莫迪將印度描述成崛起大國的行動，直到不久前似乎還一路升溫。
Much of the world remained quiet, or cautious, in recent months as India began locking up hundreds of opposition politicians and activists without charge across the country. Business executives say they are too afraid to speak out about shortcomings in the government's economic strategy. The press complains of government intimidation. 近幾個月印度開始未經起訴即在全國各地拘禁數百名反對派政治人物與社運人士，世界上許多國家卻依然保持沉默，或審慎以對。企業執行高層表示，他們因為害怕而不敢說出政府經濟策略的缺失。新聞界也抱怨受到政府恫嚇。
Still, there was President Donald Trump last month, embracing Modi in New Delhi, where streets were dotted with posters declaring the "world's oldest democracy meets the world's largest democracy." 儘管如此，上個月還是有川普總統在新德里擁抱莫迪，當地街上到處可見寫著「世界最老牌民主國家，跟世界上最大民主國家相遇」的海報。
But as the leaders celebrated each other in India's capital, Hindu mobs began going after Muslim protesters in neighborhoods just a few miles away while the police looked on or joined in. 然而，就在兩位領導人在印度首都彼此恭維之際，印度教暴徒們卻開始在數英里外的社區，追打著穆斯林抗議者，警察則袖手旁觀，甚至加入追打者的行列。
Freedom House, a nonpartisan democracy advocacy organization, flagged India as a major concern. "The Indian government has taken its Hindu nationalist agenda to a new level with a succession of policies," the group said, "threatening the democratic future of a country long seen as a potential bulwark of freedom in Asia and the world." 跨黨派民主倡議組織「自由之家」，將印度列為令人高度關切的國家。該組織說：「印度通過一系列政策，將其印度教民族主義計畫推到一個新水平，威脅到長期被視為亞洲與世界潛在自由堡壘的國家的民主前途。」
In a rare move, the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights filed a petition in India's Supreme Court to challenge a citizenship law that critics say discriminates against Muslims. Some of India's closest partners have begun criticizing its treatment of Muslims and migrants, with condemnations coming in from Iran, the United States, Bangladesh and elsewhere. 聯合國人權事務署則罕見地向印度最高法院提出請願，挑戰批評人士認為歧視穆斯林的新公民法。一些印度最親密的夥伴國已開始批評印度對待穆斯林與移民的方式，伊朗、美國、孟加拉及一些其他國家陸續發聲譴責。
"If India loses that secular, democratic identity, then it loses what makes it different than other countries in Asia. We are all watching the riots in Delhi and worry they are going down a dangerous road that makes it harder for us to be a strong advocate for India," said Rep. Ami Bera, a California Democrat who is the longest-serving Indian American in Congress. 美國加州民主黨籍聯邦眾議員貝拉說：「如果印度失去這種世俗的民主身份，就會失去有別於其他亞洲國家的特色。我們都在觀察德里的暴動，並擔心他們正走上危險的道路，這將使得我們很難成為印度的強力支持者。」貝拉是美國國會中最資深的印度裔議員。
One area where international officials believe that India may be particularly hurting itself is in its campaign to be granted a permanent seat at the U.N. Security Council along with other nuclear powers. Speaking on condition of anonymity, several diplomats, including some from countries that have publicly pushed for an Indian seat on the Security Council, say that their governments are now reluctant to push the issue after India's domestic unrest has laid bare the effects of Hindu nationalism there. 一些外國官員認為，印度使自身受傷最重的一個方面，就是追求與其他核武國家一樣獲得聯合國安理會常任理事國席次的行動。幾位不願透露姓名的外交官（部分來自公開呼籲給予印度安理會席次的國家）表示，在印度國內騷亂暴露出印度教民族主義對當地的影響後，他們的政府現在不願再推動印度入常案。
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