Patient Empowerment Program: A Rare Disease Podcast

• Research to Advance ASO Technology at n-Lorem

  At n-Lorem, every investment decision carries real weight by directly affecting the nano-rare patients we serve. We think very deeply about each decision of how to invest the limited and precious dollars that we have. But what about investing in basic research to advance antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) technology for the future? Certainly, most of the money should and is being put towards creating ASOs to help patients in need today. Meanwhile, it is also our belief that we must invest to continue innovating and, in this episode, we explore the research occurring at n-Lorem today that will lead to better treatments for more nano-rare patients tomorrow. On this episode we discuss: - ASO technology is still evolving unlike other validated drug discovery technologies - Nano-rare patients need more from ASO technology - Reasons n-Lorem are unable to help more patients Loss of function mutations Mutations that cause dysfunction of an organ to which ASOs distribute at only high doses Innate immune activation Challenges in creating allele-selective ASOs - Solutions to these challenges are possible and we know how to do it Advances in loss of function mutations Targeted delivery to muscle, the immune system, the gut and heart Controlling innate immune activation Enhanced allele-selectivity   Links: Colloquium - https://www.nlorem.org/nano-rare-patient-colloquium-2025/ Donate - https://www.nlorem.org/donate/ 

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• Commitment to Safety First: The DSMB

  The Data Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) is composed of distinguished, independent experts in antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) technology, clinical trial design and evaluation, and drug development. Many are also dedicated clinicians who care for patients with rare diseases. This board provides unbiased safety oversight by reviewing accumulated data from all investigator-initiated studies involving n-Lorem’s ASO medicines. n-Lorem's DSMB is chaired by Dr. Eugene Schneider, Executive Vice President and Chief Clinical Development and Operations Officer at Ionis Pharmaceuticals.   On This Episode We Discuss: 2:20 – What is the Data Safety Monitoring Board at n-Lorem? 6:50 – Monitoring the data from each and every treated n-Lorem patient is essential 9:40 – The DSMB consists of a collection of physicians and other experts 13:20 – As the number of n-Lorem patients grows, the DSMB’s responsibilities have expanded significantly—yet members remain deeply committed to supporting the mission 17:05 – The DSMB’s goal is to avoid any ASO-related serious adverse events (SAEs) and minimize adverse events 19:20 – During his time as Chair of the DSMB, Eugene has learned lessons in patience and humility 21:00 The judgements of monitoring boards can and will affect lives Links: n-Lorem 2025 Nano-rare Patient Colloquium: https://www.nlorem.org/nano-rare-patient-colloquium-2025/  Donate to support n-Lorem programs: https://www.nlorem.org/donate/  Hongene Biotech: https://www.hongene.com/ 

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• Connor Gooley's Story: A First for TUBB4A Treatment

  Connor Gooley is the first patient ever treated with an ASO for TUBB4A-Related Leukodystrophy, a condition that severely disrupts his nervous system, slows nerve impulses, and impairs his fine motor skills. As a result, Connor cannot speak, walk, sit up on his own, or chew well. Still, he manages to army crawl, propel himself in his wheelchair, and use a gait trainer. He’s also remarkably resilient—rarely crying or complaining despite the daily challenges he faces. In this episode of the Patient Empowerment Program, Connor’s parents, Diana and Mike, share their family’s journey from diagnosis to treatment and reflect on their observations of Connor after more than six months on an n-Lorem discovered and developed treatment. On This Episode We Discuss: 1:33 Shaking eyes were the first sign of Connor’s rare disease 4:10 An MRI revealed little to no myelin, leading to whole genome sequencing and an eventual TUBB4A genetic mutation diagnosis 7:10 Connecting with another family with the same mutation 10:00 Finding n-Lorem through a ‘seeking patient candidates’ advertisement in a Global Genes annual report 12:26 Contextualizing Connor’s TUBB4A mutation in simple terms 21:19 How rare diseases affect families and creating a new normal 27:41 Receiving treatment in Boston and contemplating the decision to agree to an experimental treatment for their son 32:00 Observations after 6 months on treatment 35:45 n-Lorem has given the Gooley family hope for a better future for Connor   Links: Hongene Biotech: https://www.hongene.com/  Donate to n-Lorem / Support nano-rare: https://www.nlorem.org/donate/  n-Lorem 2025 NRPC: https://www.nlorem.org/nano-rare-patient-colloquium-2025/ 

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• What Are iPSCs—and Why Do They Matter?

  Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a groundbreaking, and mind-blowing, scientific advancement—one of many that help make it possible for n-Lorem to do what we do. In short, typical skin cells (such as fibroblasts) are taken from an individual and reprogrammed using specific factors to become iPSCs. These iPSCs are then redifferentiated into any desired cell type in the body, such as muscle or liver cells. You can do that? Yes, and we do! The most common cell type that we use at n-Lorem are neurons (nerve cells). These cells are not easily accessible in living humans without serious surgeries and that is why scientists instead use iPSCs to grow them. On This Episode We Discuss: 1:23 - What are Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells? 5:45 - Chromatin – compressed DNA and proteins 9:13 - Differentiation and de-differentiation 10:26 - Transcription and transcription factors 12:35 - Why are iPSCs important? 15:20 - Making iPSC and re-differentiating them into the cells we study is time consuming and expensive Important Links: n-Lorem 2025 Nano-rare Patient Colloquium - https://www.nlorem.org/nano-rare-patient-colloquium-2025/  Support nano-rare with a donation to n-Lorem: https://www.nlorem.org/donate/  Learn about Hongene Biotech: https://hongene.com/ 

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• Biological Systems & Chemical Networks

  What Are Chemicals? | How Drugs Work in the Body | Understanding Homeostasis We’re all made of chemicals—but what exactly is a chemical? In this video, we break down the basics: chemicals are forms of matter that exist as solids, liquids, or gases. Inside living organisms, these chemicals create complex networks that keep us alive and balanced—a process known as homeostasis. Drugs are chemicals too! They work by interacting with these biological networks to help restore or adjust how the body functions. Whether you’re a curious learner, a patient, or a future scientist, understanding these fundamentals can empower better decisions about your health and treatment. 🔬 Learn more about biology, medicine, and how science impacts your daily life. 💊 Subscribe for more videos on drug development, health, and patient education. Full Intro to Medical Science Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrDVyc3t26Fy5aQpo3mulackGlUwrIqYL    In This Episode, We Explore - What exactly is a chemical—and why it matters - The definition of a drug and how it works in the body - How chemical reactions power life - Biochemicals: the molecules that make living systems tick - Cells: the basic building blocks of life - Types of polymers and their roles in biology - The languages of life: how nucleic acids and proteins communicate - DNA and RNA—what they are and what they do - What happens when genes change: understanding mutations - The difference between helpful and harmful gene mutations

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